![]() ![]() Meanwhile, the acoustic computing devices, such as diodes 8, switches 9 and logic gates 10, 11, have been demonstrated based on phononic crystals or bulk metamaterials, which suffer from the limitations of simple functionality, high losses, and geometrical complexity. However, no acoustic ODE solver has been proposed, and the traditional optical design scheme involving differentiator or integrator suffers from the complicated geometry for high-order ODEs. In acoustic domain, solving the ODE would revolutionize many application fields ranging from acoustic communication, analog computing to signal processing. ODEs govern a wide variety of fundamental physical phenomena and engineering systems, and describe the classical models in the theory of signals and systems 5, 6, 7. With the assistance of these basic units, the computing devices can be realized with more complicated optical functionalities such as optical ordinary differential equation (ODE) 3, 4. Analogous to the electronic counterparts, many computing devices, including integrators 1 and differentiators 2 have been proposed in optical domain. Wave-based computing, which is considered as an alternative future computing due to the benefits of high-efficiency, low crosstalk and parallel processing, has attracted extensive attention in both academic research and engineering field. The proposal may find applications in various scenarios such as acoustic communication, analog computing and signal processing. Unlike the optical ODE solver based on differentiator or integrator, whose geometry becomes more complicated for solving higher order ODE, the proposed AAC system with fixed geometry can be designed for arbitrary nth-order ODE in principle. The simulated transmitted pressure of the AAC system agrees well with the theoretical solution of ODE, demonstrating the excellent functionality. The metasurfaces are constructed with layered labyrinthine units featuring broad amplitude and phase modulation ranges. ![]() Here, we propose an acoustic analog computing (AAC) system based on three cascaded metasurfaces to solve the nth-order ODEs. However, no scheme of acoustic computing device with more complex functionality has been proposed, such as ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver. Acoustic computing devices, including switches, logic gates, differentiator and integrator, have attracted extensive attentions in both academic research and engineering.
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